Thursday 13 July 2017

Recycling To Avoid Environmental Pollution

July 13, 2017 0 Comments
After all done, I'm pasting the
recycling symbol paper



We've all heard the saying "reduce reuse recycle", but it is still an important topic that WAY too many of us overlook. We live in a culture that doesn't understand the dangers of having so many non-reusable and wasteful products and habits in our lives. Reducing, reusing, and recycling are important for many reasons. For starters, one of the most personal reasons: eco-friendly habits save us money. In addition to saving money, eliminating waste usually leads to an elimination of harmful chemicals in our home, as well. 
♥  So I have decided to create a recycling bin at a shop lot area. I have used 3 recycle boxes with 3 different colours as follow: blue colour for papers, yellow colour for plastics and brown colour glasses. The total costing for my project is Rm0 because all the things that I have used are recycled papers and boxes. 




♥   At the same time Government has done for us so many     good service such as this recycling bin in most of the     shopping malls so I highly recommend each individual to use the service that has done for us.
Be a part to preserve our environment.
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Saturday 8 July 2017

WHO: Environmental Pollution Kills Millions of Children Every Year

July 08, 2017 0 Comments


From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
Environmental pollution kills 1.7 million children under the age of five every year worldwide. This is according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO warns that child deaths will increase greatly if pollution continues to worsen.
Dr. Margaret Chan is the WHO Director-General. In a press release statement, Chan said, "A polluted environment is a deadly one – particularly for young children."
She explains that "their developing organs and immune systems, and smaller bodies and airways, make them especially vulnerable to dirty air and water."
The most common causes of death among children aged one month to five years are diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia. This is according to the WHO. The organization also says reducing environmental risks can prevent such deaths. This means providing access to safe water and sanitation, limiting exposure to dangerous chemicals, and improving waste management.
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Experts say air pollution is the most dangerous

July 08, 2017 0 Comments
However, of all the environmental pollutants, air pollution is being called the most dangerous.
The WHO estimates that air pollution is responsible for about 6.5 million premature, or early, deaths every year. That number includes nearly 600,000 deaths of children under age five. Most of these deaths take place in developing countries.
However, WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira tells VOA that air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor. Everybody, she says, needs to breathe.
Due to air pollution in Madrid, a traffic policeman wears a mask while directing traffic, Dec. 29, 2016.
Due to air pollution in Madrid, a traffic policeman wears a mask while directing traffic, Dec. 29, 2016.
"You can be a very rich child, your parents very rich, but living in a place, in a city, which is very polluted. And then there is very little you can do because we all need to breathe. So, even if you are rich or poor, you still need to breathe and this is very pernicious. Air pollution is everywhere."
A group of school children walk on street with face mask in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on Wednesday, Dec. 23, 2015.
A group of school children walk on street with face mask in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on Wednesday, Dec. 23, 2015.
Neira says one of the most important ways to reduce air pollution is to produce cleaner fuels for cooking and heating.
"Almost half of the world population is using dirty fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting at home. And, this is affecting very much mothers who are staying and cooking at home, but the children who are around mothers—they are exposed as well.”
She says early exposure to harmful pollutants can lead to increased risk of chronic respiratory disease, asthma, heart disease, stroke and cancer later in life.
Cleaning up how the world cooks, heats and lights homes and other buildings is a big-picture goal. The WHO is advising government departments and industries such as construction and the health sector to work together to clean up the environment.
But what about the here and now? What can individuals do to limit their family’s exposure to air pollution?
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has these suggestions:
  • Avoid walking where there is a high volume of vehicle traffic.
  • Equip homes with air filters and air conditioning units.
  • Limit your time outside if you live in an area that issues warnings about air quality.
  • Wear high-quality rated face masks tightly to the face when air quality is poor.
  • If you live or commute in a very polluted area, remove your clothes and wash immediately after entering your house.
Some of these suggestions, however, may not work for some people -- for example:
  • those living in areas troubled by high levels of pollution,
  • those who cannot stay home from work or school,
  • and those who do not have money for protective equipment.
Therefore, the WHO stresses that governments around the world need to take the lead on ensuring that children grow up in a clean environment.
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Sources of Environmental Pollution

July 08, 2017 0 Comments

Fossil Fuel Sources of Environmental Pollution

Soil Pollution
In modern industrialized societies, fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) transcended virtually all imaginable barriers and firmly established themselves in our everyday lives.
Not only do we use fossil fuels for our obvious everyday needs (such as filling a car), as well as in the power-generating industry, they (specifically oil) are also present in such products as all sorts of pRef. 14)
lastics, solvents, detergents, asphalt, lubricating oils, a wide range of chemicals for industrial use, etc. (
Combustion of fossil fuels produces extremely high levels of air pollution and is widely recognized as one of the most important “target” areas for reduction and control of environmental pollution.
Fossil fuels also contribute to soil contamination and water pollution. For example, when oil is transported from the point of its production to further destinations by pipelines, an oil leak from the pipeline may occur and pollute soil and subsequently groundwater. When oil is transported by tankers by ocean, an oil spill may occur and pollute ocean water.
Of course, there are other natural resources whose exploitation is a cause of serious pollution; for example, the use of uranium for nuclear power generation produces extremely dangerous waste that would take thousands of years to neutralize.
But there is no reasonable doubt that fossil fuels are among the most serious sources of environmental pollution.
Power-generating plants and transport are probably the biggest sources of fossil fuel pollution.
Common sources of fossil fuel pollution are: 
Industry:
  • Power-generating plants
  • Petroleum refineries
  • Petrochemical plants
  • Production and distribution of fossil fuels
  • Other manufacturing facilities
Transport:
  • Road transport (motor vehicles)
  • Shipping industry
  • Aircraft
Fossil fuel combustion is also a major source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and perhaps the most important cause of global warming. Learn more about the causes and effects of global warming here.

Other (Non-Fossil Fuel) Sources of Environmental Pollution

Among other pollution sources, agriculture (livestock farming) is worth mentioning as the largest generator of ammonia emissions resulting in air pollution.
Chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers are also widely used in agriculture, which may lead water pollution and soil contamination as well.
Trading activities may be another source of environmental pollution.
For example, it’s been recently noted that packaging of products sold in supermarkets and other retail outlets is far too excessive and generates large quantities of solid waste that ends up either in landfills or municipal incinerators leading to soil contamination and air pollution.
Residential sector is another significant source of pollution generating solid municipal waste that may end up in landfills or incinerators leading to soil contamination and air pollution.
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Friday 7 July 2017

Biological & Non-Biological Decomposition of Environmental Pollutants

July 07, 2017 0 Comments

Biological Decomposition of Environmental Pollutants


Santos divides environmental pollutants into biodegradable and non-biodegradable ones, and describes them as follows.


Biodegradable Pollutants


Fruit Peel is biodegradable
Biodegradable pollutants are the ones that can be broken down and processed by living organisms, including organic waste products, phosphates, and inorganic salts.
For example, if a pollutant is organic, it can be used by a living organism to obtain energy and other material from carbohydrates, proteins etc.
Therefore, biodegradable pollutants are only “temporary nuisances” that can be neutralized and converted into harmless compounds.
However, it is important to remember that they can become serious pollutants if released in large amounts in small areas, thus exceeding the natural capacity of the environment to “assimilate” them.

Non-Biodegradable Pollutants


Non-biodegradable pollutants are the ones that cannot be decomposed by living organisms and therefore persist in the exosphere for extremely long periods of time.
They include plastics, metal, glass, some pesticides and herbicides, and radioactive isotopes.
In addition to that, fat soluble (but not water soluble) non-biodegradable pollutants, ex. mercury and some hydrocarbons, are not excreted with urine but are accumulated in the fat of living organisms and cannot be metabolized.

Non-Biological Decomposition of Environmental Pollutants

Plastic may look beautiful but it is not biodegradable

Non-biological decomposition of non-biodegradable pollutants requires a combination of many factors, such as wind, water and climate to work together to achieve neutralization of pollutants.
Some of the most dangerous pollutants such as radioactive isotopes can decompose by themselves but it will take them thousands of years.
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Household (Indoor) Air Pollution

July 07, 2017 0 Comments


Around 3 billion people cook and heat their homes using solid fuels (i.e. wood, charcoal, coal, dung, crop wastes) on open fires or traditional stoves. Such inefficient cooking and heating practices produce high levels of household (indoor) air pollution which includes a range of health damaging pollutants such as fine particles and carbon monoxide.
In poorly ventilated dwellings, smoke in and around the home can exceed acceptable levels for fine particles 100-fold. Exposure is particularly high among women and young children, who spend the most time near the domestic hearth.
According to WHO, 4.3 million people a year die from the exposure to household air pollution.
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Monday 5 June 2017

World Environment Day 2017

June 05, 2017 0 Comments



‘Connecting People to Nature’, the theme for World Environment Day 2017, implores us to get outdoors and into nature, to appreciate its beauty and its importance, and to take forward the call to protect the Earth that we share.
World Environment Day is the biggest annual event for positive environmental action and takes place every 5 June. This year’s host country Canada got to choose the theme and will be at the centre of celebrations around the planet.
World Environment Day is a day for everyone, everywhere. Since it began in 1972, global citizens have organized many thousands of events, from neighbourhood clean-ups, to action against wildlife crime, to replanting forests.
This year’s theme invites you to think about how we are part of nature and how intimately we depend on it. It challenges us to find fun and exciting ways to experience and cherish this vital relationship.

The value of nature


In recent decades, scientific advances as well as growing environmental problems such as global warming are helping us to understand the countless ways in which natural systems support our own prosperity and well-being.
For example, the world’s oceans, forests and soils act as vast stores for greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane; farmers and fisher-folk harness nature on land and under water to provide us with food; scientists develop medicines using genetic material drawn from the millions of species that make up Earth’s astounding biological diversity.
Billions of rural people around the world spend every working day ‘connected to nature’ and appreciate full well their dependence on natural water supplies and how nature provides their livelihoods in the form of fertile soil. They are among the first to suffer when ecosystems are threatened, whether by pollution, climate change or over-exploitation.
Nature’s gifts are often hard to value in monetary terms. Like clean air, they are often taken for granted, at least until they become scarce. However, economists are developing ways to measure the multi-trillion-dollar worth of many so-called ‘ecosystem services’, from insects pollinating fruit trees in the orchards of California to the leisure, health and spiritual benefits of a hike up a Himalayan valley.

Hit the park


This year’s World Environment Day is an ideal occasion to go out and enjoy your country’s national parks and other wilderness areas. Park authorities in some countries may follow Canada’s example and waive or reduce park entry fees on June 5 or for a longer period.
Once you are there, why not set yourself a challenge (seek out a rare mammal, identify five butterflies, reach the remotest corner of the park). Record what you see, and send us a photo of yourself and/or your discoveries so we can post it on our digital channels and encourage others to go exploring too.
You could join the growing number of citizen scientists. More and more smartphone apps help you log your sightings and connect with others who can identify the species. The records feed into conservation strategies and map the effects of climate change on biodiversity.

Nature up close


Connecting to nature can involve all the physical senses: why not take off your shoes and get your feet (and hands) dirty; don’t just look at the beautiful lake, jump in! Take a hike at night and rely on your ears and nose to experience nature.
You can also connect with nature in the city, where major parks can be a green lung and a hub of biodiversity. Why not do your bit to green the urban environment, by greening your street or a derelict site, or planting a window box? You could put a spade in the soil or lift a paving slab and see what creatures live beneath.
Wherever you are, you could vow to pick up 10 (or 100) pieces of trash, or take inspiration from the citizens of Mumbai, India, and organize a mass beach clean-up.
Your activity doesn’t have to take place on 5 June itself. UN Environment, for instance, will soon begin testing your knowledge and raising your appreciation of a healthy environment with competitions and online quizzes and provide a whole menu of ideas to help you celebrate the day.
In the age of asphalt and smartphones and among the distractions of modern life, connections with nature can be fleeting. But with your help, World Environment Day can make clearer than ever that we need harmony between humanity and nature so that both are able to thrive.
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The Role of Recycling

June 05, 2017 0 Comments



The purpose of recycling is to conserve energy, help the environment, reduce pollution, slow global warming and reduce waste products in landfills. By recycling, people can greatly contribute to the earth’s overall health and keep the air, water and land clean. Recycling is a simple and easy way to help save the environment.
Recycling saves and conserves energy because it takes far less energy to reprocess recycled materials into new materials than to process virgin materials. For example, recycling paper to make new paper products takes less energy overall than creating new paper products from trees.
Recycling also helps reduce global warming and reduce air pollution by reducing the industrial production of new goods. Recycling goods to make new goods saves energy and reduces the amount of industrial work that must be completed to create a new product. This reduces greenhouse gas emissions and, thus, reduces global warming and air pollution.
Recycling also reduces the amount of waste products in the world’s landfills. Products that are recycled will not go to landfills and will, in turn, not contribute to the amount of waste materials there are on Earth. Through recycling, less materials are placed in the landfills, and there is more room in the landfills for non-biodegradable garbage materials.
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Types of Pollutions

June 05, 2017 0 Comments

The nine recognized types of pollution in the modern world are air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution, thermal pollution, light pollution, visual pollution and personal pollution. These sources of pollution do not simply have a negative impact on the natural world, but they can have a measurable effect on the health of human beings as well, states LoveToKnow.
Air pollution is defined as any contamination of the atmosphere that disturbs the natural composition and chemistry of the air. It comes from a wide variety of sources, but the most excessive include forest fires and other natural sources, vehicle or manufacturing exhaust and building construction or demolition.
Water pollution involves any contaminated water, whether from chemical, particulate or bacterial matter that degrades the water's quality and purity. The causes of water pollution include increased sediment from soil erosion, improper waste disposal and leaching of soil pollution into water supplies.
Land pollution is contamination of the soil that prevents natural growth and balance in the land, whether it is used for cultivation, habitation or a wildlife preserve. Soil pollution sources include hazardous waste and sewage spills, non-sustainable farming practices and household dumping.
Noise pollution refers to undesirable levels of noise caused by human activity that disrupt the standard of living in the affected area. This type of pollution often comes from traffic, airports, concerts and manufacturing plants.
Radioactive pollution is rare but deadly when it occurs. Sources of radioactive contamination include nuclear power plant accidents, improper nuclear waste disposal and uranium mining operations.
Thermal pollution is excess heat that creates undesirable effects over long periods of time. It may be caused by power plants, urban sprawl and deforestation.
Light pollution refers to the over-illumination of an area that is considered obtrusive. Sources include large cities, billboards and advertising.
Visual pollution can be caused by other pollution or just by undesirable, unattractive views. Some of its sources are power lines, construction areas and neglected areas, such as abandoned buildings.
Personal pollution is the contamination of one's body and lifestyle with detrimental actions. This may include excessive smoking, drinking or drug abuse and emotional or physical abuse.
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How can we protect the ozone layer?

June 05, 2017 0 Comments



Some of the ways to help protect and stop the depletion of the ozone layer include not buying products in aerosol cans, maintaining air-conditioning filters and units, using mass public transit or riding a bike instead of driving, and purchasing energy saving light bulbs and appliances. The ozone layer protects the earth from the suns harmful ultraviolet rays.
Over time, the ozone layer has begun depleting due to man-made chemicals and emissions from vehicles and large appliances. Because of the damage to this extremely important atmospheric shield, Congress passed the Clean Air Act in 1990. The Clean Air Act required companies to stop producing products that damaged the ozone layer. One of these products is chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs. These were used in a variety of products and caused significant damage to the ozone layer.
Even though the Clean Air Act regulates the use of chemicals that are harmful to the ozone layer, damage still occurs because of modern products. The ozone layer is expected to continue to deplete over the next few years. After the damage is controlled and the depletion stops, it is still likely to take around 60 years for the ozone layer to heal and build back up to its original state.
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What are pollutants?

June 05, 2017 0 Comments




Pollutants are high concentrations of toxic chemicals found in the environment. They are generally introduced into the ecosystem through the air, water or soil, and they have the ability to cause great harm to the environment and people’s health.
There are multiple types of pollutants in the environment. Air pollutants are a toxic blend of many different solid particles and gases. This type of pollution is related to a variety of respiratory and reproductive disorders in humans. Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide fumes emitted by vehicles are among the main causes of air pollution.
Water pollutants are toxins that build up in lakes, oceans and rivers due to the excessive dumping of toxic waste. Industrial waste disposal and mining activities contribute to water pollution, as does street litter, which can wash into storm drains and waterways, ultimately ending up in the ocean.
Water pollution can cause long-term health problems in humans who regularly consume the water, and wildlife and marine life can die from ongoing exposure to water toxins as well. Watering plants with polluted water is also hazardous to human health. Toxic water can contaminate soil, and plants that are grown in contaminated soil have hazardous substances in their roots. When humans or animals ingest these plants, they can get sick.
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How does pollution affect humans?

June 05, 2017 0 Comments



Bethany Wieman of SF Gate Home Guides notes that pollution affects humans and other living things in a number of ways, including an increased risk of asthma. This is due to the high level of carcinogens in the particles and gases that make up air pollution.
Water pollution harms humans when it enters clean water supplies. This directly affects those drinking the water and indirectly affects those who consume food grown by farmers using the contaminated water to irrigate their crops. Those who drink contaminated water may develop short- and long-term health problems. People who enjoy using lakes and rivers for recreation are also affected by industrial waste and agricultural runoff that ends up in the water.
Littering affects humans by increasing their risk of injury. Children are particularly susceptible to injury by bottles or other discarded items that do not break down easily. Litter also affects the beauty of littered areas. Certain types of litter in the ocean may cause toxic substances to accumulate, which may be ingested by fish that humans later ingest, causing further illness.
Soil contamination may affect humans that breathe in the dust of contaminated soil, and humans may ingest plants grown in contaminated soil and fall ill.
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Sunday 4 June 2017

NGOs on environmental pollution in malaysia

June 04, 2017 0 Comments

Malaysian Environmental NGOs


A grouping of Malaysian Environmental NGOs (MENGO) (R.O.S. Reg. #: PPM–015-14–11112014)  was formed under the DANIDA-supported programme for environmental assistance to Malaysia. (DANIDA is the Danish International Development Assistance). The Mengo coalition was formed in November 2001. The objective of the programme is to contribute to the strengthening of the MENGOs and facilitate their impact on the decision making at all levels in the Malaysian society. One of the main strategic aims of the programme is to support and facilitate a more effective interaction between MENGO and the Government of Malaysia on environmental policies. As part of our strategy in achieving the objectives outlined within the DANIDA-supported programme for MENGO, a MENGO Committee Members (MCM) and a MENGO Support Unit (MSU), as its Secretariat were established.

➤ROLE:    The MENGOs play a very important role in the country's path towards sustainable development.
                    The following are the primary roles played by the MENGOs:
  • Collaborate and provide services to the Government, where appropriate, thereby complementing and supplementing the initiatives of the Government.
  • Education and awareness raising on environmental concerns.
  • Facilitate community mobilisation and participation around environmental issues.
  • Empowering of ordinary citizens, including those from the grassroots in defending their environmental rights.
  • Contribute fresh insights into the environmental debate and advocate for improvements in environmental policy and legislation.
  • Act as watchdogs in ensuring that the country genuinely embarks on a development model, which is environmentally sound and socially just.
  • Promote the implementation of Agenda 21 and other appropriate international environmental agreements and conventions.

(( Kindly visit to the 'Environmental NGO's' page for more information on this ))
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Sunday 12 March 2017

WATER POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments



Water pollution is the contamination of any body of water (lakes, groundwater, oceans, etc). Some examples of water pollution:

  • Raw sewage running into lake or streams

  • Industrial waste spills contaminating groundwater

  • Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

  • Illegal dumping of substances or items within bodies of water
  • Biological contamination, such as bacteria growth

  • Farm runoff into nearby bodies of water

These kinds of environmental pollution are linked to health issues in humans, animals and plant-life. You can read more about how the environment is affecting our health here.
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VISUAL POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments


Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visualing damaging to the nearby landscape. This tends to be a highly subjective topic. Some examples of visual pollution:

  • Skyscrapers that blocks a natural view

  • Graffiti or carving on trees, rocks, or other natural landscapes

  • Billboards, litter, abandoned homes, and junkyards could also be considered among three kinds of environmental pollution
Mostly, visual kinds of environmental pollution are annoying and ugly, although some may say they are also depressing, and they of course affect the surrounding landscape with the changes they cause.
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THERMAL POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments


Thermal pollution is the increase of temperature caused by human activity. A few examples of this include:

  • Warmer lake water from nearby manufacturing (using cool water to cool the plant and then pump it back into the lake)


  • Included in thermal pollution should also be the increase in temperatures in areas with lots of concrete or vehicles, generally in cities
These kinds of environmental pollution can cause aquatic life to suffer or die due to the increased temperature, can cause discomfort to communities dealing with higher temperatures, and will affect plant-life in and around the area.
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NOISE POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments


 

Noise pollution is any loud sounds that are either harmful or annoying to humans and animals. Some examples of noise pollution:

  • Airplanes, helicopters, and motor vehicles
  • Construction or demolition noise
  • Human activities such as sporting events or concerts
Noise pollution can be disruptive to humans' stress levels, may be harmful to unborn babies, and drives animals away by causing nervousness and decreasing their ability to hear prey or predators.
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LIGHT POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments



Light pollution is the brightening of the night sky inhibiting the visibility of stars and planets by the use of improper lighting of communities. Some examples of what causes light pollution:

  • Street lamps that shine light in all directions, instead of with a hood to point light downward toward the street.


  • Extra, unnecessary lights around the home


  • Cities that run lights all night long
Light pollution uses more energy (by shining more light up instead of down, meaning you need brighter bulbs for the same amount of light), may affect human health and our sleep cycles, and most importantly, corrupts our kids telescopes and their curiosity. (I grew up in a city. My first no-light night in the country blew my mind. Let's not make that such a rare occasion!)
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LAND POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments


 

Land pollution is the degradation of the Earth's surface caused by a misuse of resources and improper disposal of waste. Some examples of land pollution include:

  • Litter found on the side of the road


  • Illegal dumping in natural habitats


  • Oil spills that happen inland


  • The use of pesticides and other farming chemicals


  • Damage and debris caused from unsustainable mining and logging practices


  • Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

Land pollution is responsible for damage done to natural habitat of animals, deforestation and damage done to natural resources, and the general ugly-ing up of our communities. (So stop being a litterbug, eh?)
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AIR POLLUTION

March 12, 2017 0 Comments




According to the dictionary, air pollution is the contamination of air by smoke and harmful gases, mainly oxides of carbon, sulphur, and nitrogen. (And maybe by that smelly uncle.) Some examples of air pollution include:

  • Exhaust fumes from vehicles

  • The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or gas
  • Harmful off-gassing from things such as paint, plastic production, and so on

  • Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

Air pollution is linked to asthma, allergies and other respiratory illnesses. You can know more about how the environment affects human health here.
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What is Environmental Pollution???

March 12, 2017 0 Comments

      Environmental pollution is the undesired spread of toxic chemicals into the aquatic and terrestrial habitats of the world. There are many different types of pollution, usually named for the location that has become polluted. For example, if oil is dumped into a local creek, it is said to be an example of water pollution and others.


      Water, air and land pollution are three of the most common types of pollution. However, pollution often affects multiple systems. For example, if chemicals are burned in a factory, and the smoke rising out of the chimneys carries pollutants, the air becomes polluted. However, rain may cause some of this pollution to fall down to the land. Eventually, most of the pollution that strikes the ground will make its way to the water, where it will cause water pollution.


      Pollution can cause hardships for plants, animals and other organisms. Some organisms may eventually become endangered or extinct because of water, land or air pollution. Some environmentalists consider excess ambient light and sound to be forms of pollution as well. Light pollution can alter the behaviour of wildlife and disrupt the circadian cycles of plants. Sound pollution in the ocean may be a cause of whale standings.
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